ABSTRACT Background Warmed intravenous (IV) fluids administration to prevent hypothermia provide controversial results in humans. cats and dogs. but its effect on calves is unknown. Objectivxe To evaluate the effectiveness of warmed IV fluids administered to prevent intraoperative heat loss in anaesthetised calves undergoing umbilical herniorrhaphy. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/high-whey-chocolate/